Own-research

This paper investigates whether longer historical training periods improve the out-of-sample performance of a Hidden Markov Model (HMM) used for identifying financial market regimes. Four four-state Gaussian HMMs are compared, differing only in the starting point of their training data (1970, 1980, 1990, and 2000), while being evaluated on the same test period. The model uses five market-based features capturing volatility, drawdowns, credit conditions, and sector rotation to identify latent risk regimes.

The study highlights that validation methodology and evaluation criteria are as important as model design and data length when assessing regime-based investment models.

We analyze a multi-asset calendar anomaly around U.S. federal elections that is consistent across assets and simple to trade. While our previous study documents a robust pre-election drift, the cross-asset pricing of its D+1 resolution remains unmapped beyond SPY. Using a diversified ETF basket spanning technology, emerging markets, real estate, high-yield credit, gold, oil, and foreign exchange, we show that election day itself is neutral to slightly positive — an equal-weight D0 long earns a modest 1.03% p.a. at a Sharpe of 0.19, which we document as the control arm of the experiment but do not trade — while the following session delivers a systematic sell-off across all seven legs as the political uncertainty premium collapses. An equal-weight short on D+1 yields 1.86% per annum with a Sharpe of 0.31 and a maximum drawdown of -4.16%, achieved over 13 trading days in 26 years. Intermediate Treasuries exhibit the inverse pattern, selling off in the four days before the vote and rallying from D0 to D+2, with a Sharpe of 0.48.

In a previous article Building and Testing Trend-Following Strategies on One-Minute SPY Data, we investigated whether retail activity indicators derived from one-minute SPY data could be used to construct profitable trend-following strategies. The results suggested that we are able to construct strategies that are often able to achieve superior risk-adjusted performance. In this article, we examine an alternative hypothesis. Instead of assuming that changes in retail activity signal the continuation of an existing trend, we investigate whether persistent declines in order flow may create conditions for a subsequent market reversal. More specifically, we analyze situations in which selected trading activity indicators decrease for several consecutive trading days and evaluate whether such sequences are followed by above-average SPY returns.

Intraday trading strategies have gained increasing attention as advances in computing power and market data availability have made intraday strategy analysis more accessible. While many trading strategies are traditionally developed and evaluated using daily price data, shorter timeframes can provide additional opportunities to identify and exploit market trends within a single trading session. In this article, we investigate the performance of trend-following strategies based on selected technical indicators computed from one-minute price data for SPY ETF. The historical dataset, provided by Algoseek, serves as the basis for designing, backtesting, and comparing several intraday trading approaches.

Holidays put people in motion. In the days surrounding major U.S. holidays, airports become busier as travelers visit their families or take advantage of extended weekends. Financial markets themselves are known to display a holiday-related seasonality. In our previous research on the Pre-Holiday Effect in Commodities, we identified a short-term price drift in crude oil and gasoline before major U.S. holidays. Increased travel and the associated expectation of higher fuel consumption offered one possible explanation. This naturally raises another question: if holiday travel leaves a seasonal footprint in energy markets, can it also be detected in the stocks of the airlines transporting those travelers? To investigate this possibility, we analyze the performance of the U.S. Global Jets ETF (JETS) around major U.S. holidays. We first examine its daily returns from ten trading days before to ten trading days after each holiday and use the resulting return profile to identify the strongest seasonal windows. We then formulate two directional JETS strategies and a JETS–USO strategy.

A single backtest can show that strategy was profitable, but it does not always show whether the strategy was competitive. This is especially true for systematic futures strategies. A trend-following strategy can have a positive Sharpe ratio, a long live-like performance history, and a reasonable drawdown, but those numbers are difficult to interpret without a relevant comparison group.
A broad equity index is often not the right benchmark for this type of strategy. A monthly rebalanced multi-asset futures strategy has a different objective, different risk profile, and different return drivers than a long-only stock index. A more useful question is whether the strategy performs well compared with other systematic trend-following futures strategies.
This case study shows how the Quantpedia API can be used to build a custom peer group benchmark for strategy evaluation. The workflow has two steps. First, Quantpedia strategy metadata is used to screen and define a comparable peer group. Second, the historical equity curves of the selected strategies are downloaded, converted into daily returns, and aggregated into an equal-weighted peer group benchmark.